Glossary of Japanese/French Terms

Glossary of terms translated from Japanese to French

• Adjime : departure, go
• Age: technique going up
• Aikido: Ai - harmony, Ki - energy, do the way
• Arigato gozaimashita: thank you very much
• Ashi: leg
• Atemi: strike
• Barai: sweeping
• Bo: 6 foot long stick
• Bogu: body protector
• Bokken: wooden sword
• Budo: the way of the warrior, martial arts
• Chudan: body level
• Chui: penalty (in Koshiki)
• Dachi: location
• Dan: black belt degree
• Do: the journey, the way
• Dojo: place where the route is practiced, school
• Dojo Kun: rules of the dojo
• Dozo: vp
• Empi: nudge
• Eneri: technique coming from behind, twist
• Eri: collar
• Gake: hooking
• Gari: mowing
• Gaeshi: counterattack
• Garami: dislocation, rolling up
• Gatam: immobilization, control, joint key
• Gedan: level of the legs
• Geri/keri: kick
• Gi: Uniform
• Go no sen: initiative after the attack
• Goshi : hip
• Goshin-jutsu : self-defense, self-defense
• Guruma: wheel, wrap
• Gyaku: reversed
• Hadaka: no uniform
• Haïshu: technique using the back of the open hand
• Haito: technique using the side of the hand
• Hanshi: spiritual master, combined physical and mental master
• Hara: belly
• Hidari: left
• Hiji: elbow
• Hirate: technique with the inside of the hand
• Hitai: forehead
• Hiza: knee strike
• Hoko: displacement
• Hon: base, fundamental
• Iaido: the way to draw the sword
• Jime: strangulation
• Jî: temple, monastery
• Jo: short stick, place
• Jodan: face level
• Judo: the path of flexibility
• Juji: cross
• Kaeshi-waza: counter-attack techniques
• Kage: crocheted
• Kaiten: turn, rotate
• Kakato: heel
• Kama : Sickle used to cut rice or sugar cane
• Kamae/kame: guard
• Kamidana/Kamiza: altar, seat of honor
• Kansetsu: articulation
• Karate: Kara = emptiness/emptiness, te = hand
• Ken: hand, sword
• Kesa: costal
• Kata: form, mould, shoulder
• Katate: wrist
• Keikoku: warning
• Ki: energy
• Kiaï: manifestation of energy through shouting
• Kihon: fundamental (movement sequence)
• Kime : brief focusing of energy on a point (hara, fist, foot, etc.)
• Ko: small
• Kohai: beginner
• Kokyu: breathe
• Koshi: hip
• Koshiki: Full contact combat regulation system (Bogu jutsu) with body and head protector.
• Kotai: backwards
• Kote: Wrist, forearm
• Kudasai: vp
• Kumi kata: guard (used in judo)
• Kumite: combat (Kumi = intertwined + Te = hand)
• Kuzure: variant
• Kusushi: imbalance
• Kwai: association, grouping
• Kyoshi: internal master
• Kyu: degree (before quarter note)
• Mae: front, front
• Maki: roll up
• Mawashi: circular
• Men: face, helmet
• Migi: right
• Mokuso : mediation
• Morote: technique using two limbs simultaneously
• Swimming: throw, throw
• Ne-waza: techniques on the ground (Ne = lying down, waza = technique)
• neko : cat
• Nekozeken: strike using the wrist, "back of the cat"
• Nukite: strike using fingertips
• O: large
• Obi: belt
• Oei: technique while advancing
• Okuri: one small step, second attack
• Onegai Shimasu: "Would you do me a favor to practice"
• Oroshi: descending technique
• Osae: to immobilize
• Otanagi rei: greeting together
• Otoshi: fallen
• Randori: free work/exercise
• Rey : hello
• Renshi: external master, the one who was forged
• Renshu: practical
• Ryu: school, style
• San o sen: Attack before being attacked
• Sankaku: triangle
• Seoi: on the back
• Seiza: kneeling position
• Sen o sen: simultaneous response to an attack
• Sensei: teacher
• Sen o sen: initiative before attack
• Sempai: more advanced
• Shiaï : fight (competition)
• Shiai-Jo: combat area
• Shihan: Master Instructor
• Shime: strangulation
• Shin: moral value, of the spirit
• Shinan: founder of a ryu
• Shindo: the way of the spirit (evolutionary optics)
• Shiho: 4 points
• Shomen: in front (place of honor)
• Shorin: Shaolin
• Shotei: technique with the palm of the hand
• Shuto: technique with the edge of the hand
• Sokumen: sideways, lateral
• Soto: exterior
• sutemi: sacrifice
• Suwari: on the ground
• Tai: body
• Tai sabaki: movement of the body
• Tan o sen: initiative simultaneously with attack
• Tanden: center 2 fingers below the navel
• Tatamis: mats, mattresses
• Tate: order to get up
• Tobi: jumped
• Tori: the one who makes the movement
• Tsuba: sword guard
• Tsuchin : state of mind during the attack
• Tzuki: punch
• Uchi: attack, interior
• Ude: arms
• Uke: partner/receiver or receiving a technique/a “block”
• Ukemi: fall (fall of the uke)
• Ura: reverse, opposite
• Uraken: technique with the back of the hand
• Ushiro: back
• Waki: armpit
• Waza: technique, movement
• Yame: stop
• Yakusoku kumite: rearranged sparring practice
• Yoko: aside
• Zanshin: Vigilant Spirit
• Zenshin: forward, state of mind before an attack

Numbers in Japanese

• 1: Ichi
• 2: Neither
• 3: None
• 4: Chi OR Yon
• 5: GB
• 6: Roku
• 7: Shichi
• 8: Hashi
• 9: Ku
• 10: Ju
• 100: Hyaku